Agent 执行耗时任务时如何主动汇报进度？四种方案的实战选型

#!/bin/bash
# compress-images.sh
# 批量压缩图片，将进度写入状态文件

IMAGES=$(find static/images/ -size +500k -name "*.png" -o -name "*.jpg")
TOTAL=$(echo "$IMAGES" | wc -l)
DONE=0

echo '{"status":"running","total":'$TOTAL',"done":0}' > /tmp/compress-status.json

for img in $IMAGES; do
  convert "$img" -quality 85 -resize '1920x1920>' "$img"
  DONE=$((DONE + 1))
  echo '{"status":"running","total":'$TOTAL',"done":'$DONE'}' > /tmp/compress-status.json
done

echo '{"status":"completed","total":'$TOTAL',"done":'$TOTAL'}' > /tmp/compress-status.json
# generated by hugo's coding agent

import json, os, time
from pathlib import Path

STATUS_FILE = "/home/node/.openclaw/workspace/tasks/seo-audit-status.json"

def update_status(status, current=0, total=0, message="", results=None):
    data = {
        "task": "seo-audit",
        "status": status,
        "current": current,
        "total": total,
        "message": message,
        "updated_at": time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"),
        "results_file": "/home/node/.openclaw/workspace/tasks/seo-audit-results.json"
    }
    if results:
        data["summary"] = results
    os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(STATUS_FILE), exist_ok=True)
    with open(STATUS_FILE, "w") as f:
        json.dump(data, f, indent=2)

posts = list(Path("content/post").rglob("*.md"))
update_status("running", 0, len(posts), "Starting SEO audit...")

for i, post in enumerate(posts):
    # ... 分析每篇文章的 SEO 指标 ...
    update_status("running", i + 1, len(posts), f"Analyzing {post.name}")

update_status("completed", len(posts), len(posts), "Audit complete", {
    "issues_found": 42,
    "critical": 3,
    "warnings": 15,
    "info": 24
})
# generated by hugo's coding agent

{
  "cron": {
    "seo-audit-check": {
      "schedule": "*/5 * * * *",
      "prompt": "读取 /home/node/.openclaw/workspace/tasks/seo-audit-status.json，如果任务还在运行，向用户汇报进度百分比和当前步骤。如果任务已完成，发送结果摘要并删除这个 cron 任务。如果状态文件超过 10 分钟没更新，告警任务可能已挂起。",
      "sessionTarget": "main"
    }
  }
}

┌─────────────┐     状态文件      ┌─────────────┐
│  main Agent │ ◄──────────────► │ coding Agent │
│  (对话交互)  │  migration-     │  (执行迁移)   │
│             │  status.json     │             │
└──────┬──────┘                  └──────┬──────┘
       │                                │
       ▼                                ▼
    用户通道                        远程服务器
  (DingTalk等)                  (SSH 执行命令)

{
  "task": "server-migration",
  "status": "waiting_for_input",
  "phase": "database-restore",
  "completed_phases": ["backup", "config-sync"],
  "current_issue": {
    "type": "decision_required",
    "message": "目标数据库已存在同名表 user_sessions，包含 2,847 条记录。",
    "options": [
      "drop：删除旧表，用备份数据覆盖",
      "merge：合并两边数据（可能有主键冲突）",
      "rename：将旧表重命名为 user_sessions_bak，再恢复"
    ]
  },
  "updated_at": "2026-03-10T14:32:00+08:00"
}

#!/bin/bash
# check-ssl-certs.sh
# 检查 SSL 证书到期时间，结果写入状态文件

DOMAINS=("blog.hugozhu.site" "api.hugozhu.site" "git.hugozhu.site")
STATUS_FILE="/home/node/.openclaw/workspace/tasks/ssl-check-status.json"
RESULTS="["

for domain in "${DOMAINS[@]}"; do
  EXPIRY=$(echo | openssl s_client -servername "$domain" -connect "$domain":443 2>/dev/null \
    | openssl x509 -noout -enddate 2>/dev/null \
    | cut -d= -f2)

  EXPIRY_EPOCH=$(date -d "$EXPIRY" +%s 2>/dev/null)
  NOW_EPOCH=$(date +%s)
  DAYS_LEFT=$(( (EXPIRY_EPOCH - NOW_EPOCH) / 86400 ))

  RESULTS+='{"domain":"'$domain'","expiry":"'$EXPIRY'","days_left":'$DAYS_LEFT'},'
done

RESULTS="${RESULTS%,}]"

cat > "$STATUS_FILE" <<STATUSEOF
{
  "task": "ssl-cert-check",
  "status": "completed",
  "checked_at": "$(date -Iseconds)",
  "certificates": $RESULTS
}
STATUSEOF
# generated by hugo's coding agent

{
  "cron": {
    "ssl-cert-monitor": {
      "schedule": "0 9 * * *",
      "prompt": "执行 /home/node/.openclaw/workspace/cron/check-ssl-certs.sh，然后读取状态文件。如果任何域名的证书在 30 天内到期，告警用户并建议续期。如果在 7 天内到期，标记为紧急。如果所有证书都正常，回复 HEARTBEAT_OK。",
      "sessionTarget": "isolated"
    }
  }
}

任务是否需要定期执行？
  ├─ 是 → 方案四：Cron + 状态文件
  └─ 否 → 任务预计耗时？
              ├─ < 10 分钟 → 方案一：后台进程
              └─ > 10 分钟 → 是否需要人工介入？
                                ├─ 是 → 方案三：多 Agent
                                └─ 否 → 方案二：Cron 检查

{
  "$schema": "openclaw-task-status-v1",
  "task_id": "seo-audit-2026-03-10",
  "task_type": "one-shot",
  "status": "running | waiting_for_input | completed | failed",
  "progress": {
    "current": 67,
    "total": 135,
    "percentage": 49.6,
    "eta_seconds": 1200
  },
  "message": "当前步骤的人类可读描述",
  "requires_input": null,
  "history": [
    {"at": "2026-03-10T14:00:00Z", "event": "started"},
    {"at": "2026-03-10T14:15:00Z", "event": "phase_completed", "phase": "crawl"}
  ],
  "updated_at": "2026-03-10T14:32:00Z"
}